closed primary
an election in which only the party's registered voters are able to vote
crossover voting
participation in the primary of a party with which the voter is not affiliated
general election
voters decide which candidates will fill elective public offices
gerrymandering
legislatie process through which the majority party in each statehouse tries to assure that the maximum number of representatives from its political party can be elected to congress through the redrawing of legislative districts
incumbency
the holding of an office
initiative
allows citizens to propose legislation and submit it to the state electorate for popular vote
midterm electon
election that takes place in the middl of a presidential term
open primary
primary in which party members, independents, and sometimes members of the other party are allowed to vote
primary election
voters decide which of the candidates withing a party will represent the party in the general election
raiding
organized attempt by voters of one party to influence the primary relults of the other party
reapportionment
reallocation of the number of seats in the house of representatives allocated to each state after each decennial census
redistricting
redrawing congressional districts to reflect increases or decreases in seats alloted to the states as well as population shifts within a state
referendum
election where the state legislature submits proposed legislation to the states voters for approval
runoff primary
second primary election between the two candidates receiving the greatest number of votes in the first primary
turnout
proportion of the voting-age public that votes
